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Audi A4, S4since 2000 of releaseRepair and car operation |
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Audi A4, S4 + Introduction - Governing bodies and receptions of safe operation Governing bodies and devices Information system of the driver (FIS) Unlocking and car locking Lighting and providing review Seats and niches Heater, ventilation and air conditioner Automatic transmission (AT) Communication and navigation Universal remote radio management of HOME LINK® Safety systems Features of operation and auxiliary systems Running in Trailer towage In case of emergency Car filling + Current leaving and service + Engine + Systems of cooling, heating and air conditioner + Power supply systems, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases + Systems of electric equipment of the engine + Manual box of gear shifting + Automatic transmission + Coupling, power shafts and differential + Brake system + Suspension bracket and steering + Body + Onboard electric equipment 
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Features of operation and auxiliary systems Regulation of provision of a steering wheel
Ignition lock Models with the petrol engine
Ignition is switched off (1) In situation (1) ignition is switched off, the engine does not work and the steering wheel can be locked. For locking of a steering wheel take out a key from the lock and turn a wheel before its heard fixing. At a car pokidaniye always lock a steering wheel. It potential stealing of the car is at a loss. Ignition is included (situation «included for movement») (2) If the key turns hardly or does not turn at all in this situation, it is necessary turn a steering wheel for unloading of the anti-theft device a little. Engine (3) start In this situation навидится engine. Thus there is a switching of light of headlights on lay fires, and also shutdown of powerful consumers of the electric power. After engine start the ignition key comes back to situation (2). Before each subsequent start of the engine return the ignition key in situation (1). Restart blocking in the lock of ignition prevents starter damage, excepting gearing of its gear wheel with a gear wreath of a flywheel at already working engine.
Models with the diesel engine Supply of fuel (ignition is switched off) (1) is stopped In situation (1) supply of fuel is stopped, the engine does not work and the steering wheel can be locked. For locking of a steering wheel take out a key from the lock and turn a wheel before its heard fixing. At a car pokidaniye always lock a steering wheel. It potential stealing of the car is at a loss. The provision of inclusion of preheat and situation «is included for movement» (2) In this situation preheat is possible. During preheat of the engine do not include powerful consumers of a current not to overload it is useless the accumulator. If the key turns hardly or does not turn at all in this situation, it is necessary turn a steering wheel for unloading of the anti-theft device a little. Engine (3) start In this situation the engine is got. Thus there is a switching of light of headlights on lay fires, and also shutdown of powerful consumers of the electric power. After engine start the ignition key comes back to situation (2). Before each subsequent start of the engine return the ignition key in situation (1). Restart blocking in the lock of ignition prevents starter damage, excepting gearing of its gear wheel with a gear wreath of a flywheel at already working engine. Key blocking in the ignition lock The key from the lock of ignition of model with automatic transmission can be taken only when finding the lever of the selector in the situation "P". After ignition switching off the key can be taken from the ignition lock only when finding the lever of the selector in the situation "P" (lay blocking). After that the lever of the selector is blocked. Engine start Introduction The engine can be got only an original key of Audi.
After cold start the engine short time can work with the strengthened noise, the necessary pressure of oil in system of hydrocompensation of a gap of valves yet will not be established. This normal phenomenon which should not cause alarm. If the engine is not got... See. Engine start from the auxiliary storage battery and Poddomkrachivaniye and Introduction towage.
Petrol engine
At start of the cold or heated-up engine to working temperature do not press a pedal of an accelerator neither before starter inclusion, nor during its work. If the engine was not got at once, about 10 seconds later stop attempt of start and repeat it approximately in half-minute. After start of very hot engine it can be necessary slightly, press an accelerator pedal. Diesel engine
Preheat system Diesel engines are equipped with preheat system. Necessary time of preheat is defined by temperature of cooling liquid and external temperature. In preheat do not include powerful consumers of a current in vain not to overload the accumulator. The engine get at once as soon as the control lamp of preheat will go out. At start of the heated-up engine to working temperature, and also at air temperature above +8°С the control lamp of system of preheat lights up approximately for one second. It means that the engine can be got at once. If the engine was not got at once, about 10 seconds later stop attempt of start and repeat it approximately in half-minute. Engine start after a full expenditure of fuel If the full expenditure of a stock of diesel fuel in a tank took place, after filling process of start of the engine can last more long than the usual - about one minute. It is connected with need of removal of air from fuel system during engine start. Engine switching off
Hand brake Completely tightened hand brake obstructs to involuntary traffic of the car. Tightening of the hand brake The hand brake is tightened by lever movement up against the stop. Release of the hand brake
At movement on rashness with the tightened hand brake раздаётся buzzer sounding (a sound signal) and on the display appears the instruction: Handbremse angezogen (will tighten the hand brake) This prevention appears at movement more than 3 seconds with a speed more than 5 km/h. The prevention dies away right after removal of the car from the hand brake. At the tightened hand brake and the included ignition the control lamp of the hand brake burns.
Parking In order to avoid involuntary movement of the parked car adhere to mentioned below rules.
In addition when parking on liftings and biases So turn a wheel that the car in case of involuntary movement rested against a bordyurny stone. The acoustic help at a parking The help at a parking behind (the 4-channel device of the help at a parking) The help device at a parking signals about obstacles behind. Description At movement by a backing the 4-channel device by means of ultrasonic sensors measures distance to an obstacle. Sensors are in a rear bumper. Sensors start to react when finding an obstacle in distance approximately:
Inclusion The help device at a parking turns on at inclusion of transfer of a backing. It proves to be true a short sound signal. Movement by a backing The warning sound signal at movement by a backing starts to sound at obstacle recognition (the range of distances is given above). With distance reduction to an obstacle temporary pauses between sound impulses are reduced. At distance less than 0.30 m sound a continuous signal. It means the obligatory termination of movement by a backing. The low obstacles registered by sensors can, as approaching them, cease to be fixed by system and there will be no respectively a warning sound signal. Trailer operation On cars with established at plant the manufacturer the traction coupling device at operation of the trailer and inclusion of transfer of a backing the help device at a parking does not turn on. Malfunction of the device Sounding within several seconds of a warning sound signal at inclusion of ignition means malfunction of the device. Malfunction existence up to switching off of ignition testifies that the system will not work in repeated attempt of its inclusion. Eliminate malfunction. If the system is faulty, at inclusion of transfer of a backing the confirming sound signal is absent. For ensuring operability of the device of the help at a parking keep sensors clean and free from ice.
The 8-channel device of the help at a parking
Description At movement by a back or forward course the 8-channel device by means of ultrasonic sensors measures distance to an obstacle. For distance measurement in a front and rear bumper are established on four sensors (2 on the center, 2 on each side). Sensors start to react when finding an obstacle in distance:
Inclusion The help device at a parking automatically turns on at inclusion of transfer of a backing. It proves to be true a short sound signal. The device can be included also manually in pressing of a key of the central console Manual turning on of the device is necessary at a car parking a front bumper or at approach to an obstacle a front bumper and your desire to use the device. Shutdown The help device at a parking is automatically disconnected approximately at speed more than 15 km/h. Besides, the device is disconnected at an engine stop. The help device at a parking can be disconnected also a key Signal tonality The prevention of the driver of distance to an obstacle is carried out by means of sound signals of lobbies and back sound sensors. Loudness and height of a sound of signals can be changed. Movement by a backing The warning sound signal at movement by a backing starts to sound at obstacle recognition (the range of distances will be sheltered above). With distance reduction to an obstacle temporary pauses between sound impulses are reduced. At distance less than 0.30 m sound a continuous signal. It means the obligatory termination of movement by a backing.
Advance The prevention of distance to an obstacle is carried out the same as at movement by a backing. However recognition of an obstacle occurs at shorter distance from the car. Maneuvering Sound signals are temporarily disconnected, if you when maneuvering switch transfer (for example, transfer of a back/forward course). However as soon as the system will register approach to an obstacle, the warning signal again will begin to sound. Trailer operation On cars with the traction coupling device of a factory complete set at operation of the trailer and inclusion of transfer of a backing back sensors of the device of the help at a parking do not join, and there is no prevention of approach to an obstacle. Forward sensors continue to be in working situation and warn about approach to an obstacle a front bumper. Malfunction of the device Sounding within several seconds of a continuous sound signal at inclusion of transfer of a backing or turning on of the device by a key, and also a light-emitting diode blinking in a key testifies to malfunction of system. Malfunction existence up to switching off of ignition testifies that in repeated attempt of inclusion of system in a key the light-emitting diode will blink and there will be no acoustic signal. Eliminate malfunction. If the system is faulty, at turning on of the device of the help at a parking the confirming sound signal is absent. For ensuring operability of the device of the help at a parking keep sensors clean and free from ice. Low obstacles caught by sensors can, as approaching them, cease to be fixed by system and there will be no respectively a warning sound signal. Also such subjects as protecting chains, дышло the trailer, the thin varnished vertical bars or fencings are not perceived by system under certain circumstances and can lead to car damage. Tempostat Introduction Tempostat supports the set speed. By means of this system - within the possibilities defined by capacity by engine/efficiency of braking by the engine, - it is possible to support any set speed, beginning approximately from 30 km/h. Thanks to it it is not required to hold a foot on an accelerator pedal that is especially convenient at distant trips. At operation of the device in a control panel the control lamp burns On cars with a manual box of gear shifting at the included system be not switched to neutral transfer without squeezing of a pedal of coupling! Otherwise probably sharp increase in turns of the engine that in certain circumstances is fraught with its breakage! At movement on the road with a strong bias темпостат cannot support the set speed. Speed increases thanks to mass of the equipped car. Therefore be in due time switched to a low gear or brake a brake pedal. Programming of speed The current speed is necessary for programming. Governing bodies tempostaty
PERFORMANCE ORDER After a button otpuskaniye (in) there is a programming and maintenance of the current speed. Change of the programmed speed The programmed speed can be changed. Increase in speed PERFORMANCE ORDER Reduction of speed PERFORMANCE ORDER Speed can be increased over the programmed value in pressing of a pedal of an accelerator. After a pedal otpuskaniye the system will adjust speed with return to earlier programmed size. It does not belong to cases of excess of the programmed speed more than on 10 km/h over 5 minutes. In this case anew program speed. Short-term pressing of the handle 0 By each short-term pressing of the handle 0 up, in the direction (+), speed increases approximately by 2 km/h. By each short-term pressing of the handle 0 down, in the direction (-), speed decreases approximately on 2 km/h. Temporary shutdown of system Temporary shutdown темпостата occurs in the following cases: At temporary shutdown the programmed speed remains in memory. For reproduction of the programmed speed release a brake or coupling pedal and transfer the handle (And) to situation (1). If at the moment of temporary shutdown the necessary speed was not programmed, it can be programmed as follows: At movement with the necessary speed press and release the button (B) (SET). System blackout During movement PERFORMANCE ORDER On the motionless car PERFORMANCE ORDER Electronic protivozanosny system (ESP) ESP switch of the central console ESP increases efficiency of control of dynamics of movement of the car in extraordinary situations, for example, at dispersal and on turns. ESP reduces danger of drift under any traffic conditions and by that improves stability of the car during movement in all range of speeds. The structure of electronic protivozanosny system includes the device of anti-blocking of brakes (ABS), electronic blocking of differential (ESP) and antiprobuksovochny system (ASR). Action principle Along with received at operation of these devices as data, the ESP control unit needs the additional parameters received from high-sensitivity sensors. Speed of rotation of the car round its vertical axis, cross-section acceleration, pressure is measured in a hydraulic drive of brakes and turn of forward wheels. By means of turn of operated wheels and speed of the car intention of the direction of movement of the driver which is continuously compared to the actual operating mode of the car is defined. At divergences, for example, the beginning of drift of the car, is automatically braked by the ESP device the corresponding wheel.
The device works in a combination to ABS. At failure of ABS ESP does not work also. Switching off The ESP device turns on automatically at start of the engine and carries out self-diagnostics. If necessary the ESP device can be disconnected and included in key pressing. At the disconnected device the control lamp of ESP burns, see. Governing bodies and devices.
Usually the ESP device should be always switched on. Only in certain exceptional cases in need of a probuksovyvaniye it is meaningful to disconnect the device, namely: Electronic blocking of differential (EDS) Electronic blocking of differential prevents a probuksovyvaniye of the corresponding wheel. Introduction Under very adverse road conditions electronic blocking of differential (EDS) considerably facilitates or only thanks to it in general there is possible a troganiye about places, dispersal and movement uphill. Action principle EDS works in an automatic mode, i.e. without participation of the driver. By means of sensors the ABS device supervises frequency of rotation of driving wheels. At a divergence of frequency of rotation of driving wheels (about 100 rpm), for example, on slippery not on all width to the road, the revolving wheel is braked, and having the best coupling with the road of a wheel receive the increased force of draft. EDS works at speed about no more than 40 km/h (a forward drive) or 80 km/h (a full drive). Process of regulation is accompanied by characteristic noise. Troganiye from a place At a wheel probuksovyvaniye, owing to a difference of coupling of driving wheels (for example, one wheel on ice), press an accelerator pedal while the car will not get under way from a place. Heating of the brake mechanism EDS for short time is disconnected, that the disk brake of a braking wheel did not overheat at extraordinary high loading. Thus the car is ready for operation and has the same dynamic properties, as the car without EDS. EDS automatically joins again right after cooling of the brake mechanism. Fire of a control lamp of ABS can mean also malfunction of EDS. Antiprobuksovochny system (ASR) Prevents a probuksovyvaniye of driving wheels at car dispersal. Introduction The Antiprobuksovochny system (ASR) is a part of electronic protivozanosny system (ESP). Under adverse road conditions the antiprobuksovochny system (ASR) considerably facilitates or only thanks to it in general there is possible a troganiye about places, dispersal and movement uphill. Action principle ASR works in an automatic mode, i.e. without participation of the driver. By means of sensors the ABS device supervises frequency of rotation of driving wheels. At a probuksovyvaniye of wheels there is a decrease in turns of the engine and by that the traction effort is brought with road conditions into accord. The device works in all range of speeds. ASR works together with ABS. At malfunction of ABS ASR will not work also. Condition of continuous work of ASR. installation of the same tires on all four wheels of the car is. Unequal tires can lead to undesirable decrease in engine capacity. Braking Introduction Factors negatively influencing brake effect. Wear Wear process of overlays of brake shoes considerably is defined by service conditions and a manner of driving of the car. Wear is considerably accelerated at frequent movement in city conditions and on small distances or at a sports manner of driving. Crude weather or road salt In certain situations, for example, after journey on water, at a heavy rain or after a wash of the car, the brake effect can be late because of moistening, and in the winter even to come the icing of brake slips or disks. In this case dry brakes a pritormazhivaniye. Delay of brake effect possibly also after a long break in using brakes at movement on the roads, salted. First of all remove with a podtormazhivaniye a salt layer on brake disks and slips. Corrosion Emergence of corrosion of brake disks and pollution of slips are promoted by long idle standing of the car, insignificant run and low loadings of brake system. At low loading of brake system, and also at emergence of corrosion it is recommended to clean brake disks and slips rather strong repeated braking on average speed of the car. Malfunction of brake system The sudden increase in a course of a brake pedal can speak refusal of one of contours of double-circuit brake system. Move slowly to repair, and on the road remember increase in effort at a pedal of a brake and increase in a brake way. Low level of brake liquid When falling level of brake liquid there can be malfunctions of brake system. Level of brake liquid is supervised by electronics. Never brake in easy pressing a brake pedal if in it really there is no need. It conducts to an overheat of brakes and by that to increase in a brake way and the increased wear. At long movement under a bias lower previously speed, include the following low gear (a manual transmission) or the lowered range (automatic transmission). Thereby the brake effect of the engine is used and loading of brake system decreases. Brake in case of need with intervals, instead of it is continuous. In case of additional installation of a forward spoiler or full-size caps of wheels make sure that data or any other components will not interfere with air intake to forward wheels. Otherwise the overheat of brake system is possible. * Vacuum amplifier of brakes The amplifier increases pressure by pressing of a pedal of a brake. The amplifier acts only at the working engine. When the amplifier does not work, for example, because of his damage or need of towage of the car, the effort to a brake pedal should be is much bigger the usual. Device of anti-blocking of brakes (ABS) ABS prevents blocking of wheels when braking. The device of anti-blocking of brake system (ABS) considerably promotes increase of active safety of the car. Decided advantage of brake system with ABS in comparison with the usual is that wheels are not blocked even at emergency braking on the slippery road. Thanks to it in the maximum degree controllability and stability of the car remains. It is impossible to count, however, that thanks to ABS the brake way will be less under any circumstances. At movement on gravel or the svezhevypavshy snow lying over the slippery road when and without that it is necessary to move extremely carefully and with the minimum speed, the brake way can even increase slightly. Principle of action of ABS At achievement of speed of the car about 6 km/h there is an automatic process of control. At this time it it is possible to hear noise of operation of the pump. At tendency of a wheel to blocking pressure in a brake drive of this wheel decreases. This process of regulation is appreciable by a pulsation of a brake pedal and is accompanied by characteristic noise manifestations. Thereby to the driver the warning signal about work of one or several wheels in a mode close to юзу is specially given. For providing in this mode of optimum effect of regulation by means of ABS hold a pedal of a brake pressed and do not brake at all in some musclemen! About malfunction of ABS the control lamp signals, see. Governing bodies and devices. Amplifier of emergency braking The amplifier of emergency braking promotes increase in brake force. The amplifier of emergency braking helps increase in brake force and thus promotes reduction of a brake way. By very fast pressing of a pedal of a brake the amplifier of emergency braking automatically leads up brake force to blocking border (the beginning of action of ABS). Hold a pedal of a brake of the pressed. Right after a pedal otpuskaniye the amplifier of emergency braking is automatically disconnected. In default the ABS amplifier of emergency braking does not work. Power steering The amplifier facilitates driving. As a result for driving the driver needs to put only small effort. The amplifier acts only at the working engine. If the engine does not work, it is necessary to put much bigger effort to a steering wheel. Each complete turn of wheels of the motionless car with working engine is big loading for the amplifier and is accompanied by noise. Besides, thus for short time frequency of rotation decreases when idling. Turn of a steering wheel against the stop at the working engine should not proceed more than 15 seconds. Damage of the amplifier is possible! At failure of the amplifier or at movement with the idle engine (towage) controllability the car completely remains. However it is necessary to put bigger effort to a steering wheel. The hydrosystem of the amplifier of a wheel is filled with special liquid for hydrosystems. The refueling tank is in the left part of podkapotny space, see. Head Current leaving and service. Maintenance of normal level of liquid in the refueling tank is important for no-failure operation of the power steering. Level is checked within inspection maintenance.
Servotronic system The electronic regulator of system operates the amplifier of the steering mechanism. On cars with Servotronic system the electronic regulator operates operation of the power steering depending on speed of movement. At system refusal a servotronik operability of the power steering remains. However efficiency of strengthening is not regulated any more according to speed of movement. Refusal of an electronic regulator is most obviously distinguished on unusual increase in effort at a steering wheel when maneuvering (i.e. on small speed). Full drive The drive of the all-wheel drive car is carried out on all four wheels. Introduction The full drive of your car works completely in an automatic mode. The torque is distributed on all 4 wheels automatically in optimum compliance with dynamics of movement of the car and specific road conditions. On all-wheel drive models engines of bigger capacity that defines extraordinary efficiency and excellent road performance as under normal conditions the carriageway, and in extreme conditions, during snow or ice are established. For this reason it is necessary to observe safety rules surely. Winter tires All-wheel drive cars even with serial tires in winter conditions have high traction and dynamic qualities. Despite it, in the winter it is recommended to establish on all 4 wheels of the tire with winter drawing of a protector or the tires intended for any weather. Thanks to it efficiency of braking first of all improves. Antisliding chains The rules ordering obligatory using chains of antisliding, extend as well on all-wheel drive cars. Replacement of tires On wheels of all-wheel drive cars it is necessary to establish the same tires, see. Specifications. Your Audi is not the car of the increased passableness. The road gleam is for this purpose too small. Therefore avoid movement on dirt roads. Catalytic converter Never develop fuel to an empty tank. Violation of supply of fuel can lead to interruptions in ignition. Because of it not burned down fuel gets to system of production of the fulfilled gases. It can lead to an overheat and damage of the catalytic converter. If the car was maintained in the country in which there is no unleaded fuel, at its import to the country with obligatory existence of the catalytic converter surely replace the catalytic converter. Even disposable filling by etilirovanny gasoline conducts to deterioration of effect of operation of the catalytic converter. If during movement of the car there will be interruptions in ignition, falling of capacity and deterioration of uniformity of rotation of the engine, malfunction in ignition system can be the reason for that. In this case not burned down fuel can get to system of production of the fulfilled gases, and from there in the atmosphere. Besides, the catalytic converter can fail from an overheat. At once lower speed and check the car. Also at continuous work of the catalytic converter, in certain power setting, in the fulfilled gases the sulfur smell can be felt. It depends on the content of sulfur in fuel. Filling on other gas station or filling by unleaded fuel with octane number 98 or 95 in this case can help. Departure on the car abroad Unleaded gasoline In other countries it can not appear unleaded fuel. In advance make sure available unleaded gasoline on the way. Cars with the catalytic converter fill with only unleaded fuel. Headlights At movement on roads of the countries with left foreign movement the dissymetric passing beam of headlights will stick together drivers of counter transport. Headlights (standard execution) In order to avoid dazzle stick with a lightproof sticky tape the corresponding zones of rasseivatel of headlights. Headlights with gas-discharge lamps (xenon light) * In order to avoid dazzle of drivers of counter transport readjustment of headlights is necessary. The dissymetric passing beam of your headlights shines the roadside on a strip of your movement more brightly. At movement on roads of the countries with left foreign movement you will stick together drivers of counter transport. How to avoid car damages?
It especially belongs to cars with lower arrangement of a running gear (a sports running gear) and at a full load of the car. Economically and ecologically optimum driving Introduction The personal manner of driving is an important factor. Fuel consumption, load of environment, wear of the engine, brakes and tires depend generally on three factors: Based on ability to expect and an economic manner of driving give the chance to reduce by 10-15 percent fuel consumption with little effort. Be able to expect a situation on the road Avoid useless dispersals and braking. The greatest number of fuel spends the car at dispersal. Whenever possible move nakaty, for example, if on the following traffic light burns red свет.* Energy saving gear shifting Earlier switching on overgears saves fuel. Manual box of gear shifting Movement on the first transfer should make the distance approximately corresponding to length of the car. To the following overgear be switched at turns 2000 in a minute. Automatic transmission Press on an accelerator pedal smoothly. Do not squeeze out a pedal against the stop (situation Kick-down). Effective way of economy of fuel is early switching on overgears. Avoid dispersal with completely squeezed out pedal of an accelerator Moderate speed protects fuel. Fuel consumption in l/100 of km and speed in km/h Speed should be much less maximum. In process of accumulation of speed there is a superproportional increase in the fuel consumption, harmful emissions and noise level. On an illustration the fuel consumption and speed ratio in the top range of speeds is shown. Movement of your car with a speed only three quarters from maximum twice reduces fuel consumption. Reduce duration of work on idling On idling fuel also is spent. It is expedient to suppress the engine in a transport stopper, at railway crossings and on traffic lights with long cycles of inclusion of red light. Engine switching off for 30-40 seconds saves more fuel, than its is required for the subsequent start of the engine. Engine warming up idling takes away a lot of time. And at a stage of warming up intensity of wear of the engine and level of toxicity of emissions are especially high. Therefore, as soon as the engine was got, at once begin movement, avoiding thus raised turns. Regular maintenance Badly adjusted engine spends more fuel. Pass regularly maintenance.
When filling the car check also oil level. The consumption of oil in many respects depends on loading and engine turns. The consumption of oil depending on a manner of driving can make to 0.5L/1000km. The consumption of oil in an essential measure depends on loading and number of turns of the engine. Normally, if the consumption of oil is established by the new engine at the minimum level after work during certain time. Therefore authentically to judge a consumption of oil it is possible only after run of the first 5000 km. Use of oils with the improved antifrictional properties also gives the chance to additional economy of fuel. Avoid trips on short distances Movement on short distances means unfairly big fuel consumption.
Fuel consumption (km l/100) at movement on identical distance (km) at temperature +20°С and - 10°С. In the winter the car always spends more fuel, than in the summer. After start of the cold engine avoid movement on distance less than 4 km. For effective decrease in fuel consumption and issue of harmful substances the optimum working temperature of the engine and the catalytic converter is required. The cold engine of the car of middle class spends right after start about 30-40 liters of fuel for 100 km. Approximately through one kilometer the expense decreases to 20 liters by 100 km. Only approximately through four kilometers the engine reaches working temperature and the expense is normalized. Proceeding from it it is necessary to avoid by all means trips on short distances. Powerful factor in this regard is also surrounding temperature. Check pressure of air in tires Standard pressure in tires saves fuel. Always watch on standard pressure of air in tires. Pressure decrease only on 0.5 atm. increases fuel consumption to 5 percent. Besides, pressure drop below norm conducts owing to increase in resistance a kacheniya to the accelerated wear of tires. Dynamic properties of the car at the same time worsen. Pressure of air check always on cold tires. Do not use all the year round winter tires since they more шумны and increase fuel consumption to 10 percent. Do not carry a useless ballast Transportation of a ballast means fuel consumption. Do not carry a useless ballast. Each additional kg increases fuel consumption. Therefore it is recommended to a thicket to look in a luggage carrier not to carry a useless ballast. Often with a view of convenience the luggage carrier on a roof though in it there is no need does not act in film. As a result of the increased aerodynamic resistance your car with not loaded luggage carrier on a roof, at speed of 100-120 km/h, spends already approximately for 12 percent of fuel more. Save the electric power The more in the car it is included consumers of the electric power, the load of the generator and the more fuel consumption is stronger. Fuel consumption control For control of fuel consumption get the diary. You can reveal in due time changes (positive and negative) and if necessary to take the appropriate measures. At detection of too big fuel consumption it is necessary to consider, as where and under what conditions you went after the last filling of the car. Ecological properties of the car Constructive measures for industrial processing Design of connections coming easy dismantle. The simplified dismantle thanks to a modular principle of assembly. The improved purity of grades of applied materials. Marking of all krupnorazmerny plastic details according to VDA 260 recommendation (Association of automotive industry of Germany). Application of materials Application of reusable materials is much more effective. Refusal of application of ftorkhloristy hydrocarbons for a conditioner coolant. Application in knots of the same plastic. Application of the processed materials. Refusal of cadmium application. Refusal of asbestos application. Reduction of allocation of flying substances of synthetic materials. Manufacturing Application of the processed materials when manufacturing synthetic details. Refusal of application of solvents at preservation of cavities of a body. Car preservation before shipment without application of solvents. Application of the thermofusible glue which is not containing solvents. Refusal of application of ftorkhloristy hydrocarbons when manufacturing car. More effective application of residual materials for energy production and auxiliary construction materials is ready. Reduction of volume of sewage. Use of heatregeneration installations. Use of water-soluble varnishes. |
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