Audi A4, S4

since 2000 of release

Repair and car operation

Diagnostics of malfunctions

The description of diagnostics of electronic control systems and diagnostic codes are provided in the Head of System of electric equipment of the engine.

In this Section the simplest scheme of clarification of the reasons of malfunctions and the refusals occurring in knots and systems of a vehicle is offered. Refusals and their possible reasons are broken into groups on the basis of the relation to certain components or car systems as, for example the engine, cooling system, etc., besides, in the text are given the references concerning these problems.

Remember that the successful conclusion of search of causes of defect at all is not the black magic available to only skilled professional mechanics, and is defined by a combination of a certain knowledge and a patient, systematic approach to problem research. To move always follows from simple to difficult, to lead up each check to the logic end, and to try not to pass the obvious facts - everyone can forget to fill fuel in a fuel tank or to leave for the night included lighting devices.

And at last, always it is necessary to try to make an accurate picture of development of malfunction and to undertake the corresponding steps on recurrence prevention. If refusal of electric equipment was the result of violation of quality of contact, check at the same time a condition of all other contacts and electric sockets of system. If the same safety lock several times in a row continues to fuse, there is no sense in its further replacement - it is necessary to try to find out a cause of failure. Remember that failure of a minor component can be a sign of violation of functioning of more important knot or the whole system.

Engine

To define, whether the spark is developed, it is necessary to turn out candles, to insert into tips and separately to put to weight. Thus a tip or a cable of ignition do not hold hands, and use well isolated nippers. Ask the assistant to start the engine. If the spark is absent, address to the Head of System of electric equipment of the engine.

Procedures of diagnostics of an electronic control system and codes of malfunctions are given in the Head of System of electric equipment of the engine.

Engine start

All engines

- RKPP: Tighten the parking brake, completely squeeze out a pedal of coupling and hold it. A check point establish in neutral situation. The switched-off coupling facilitates engine start, especially at low external temperatures since thus there is no friction from a check point.

- Automatic transmission: Establish the selector in the situation "R" or "N". Press a pedal of a brake and hold it.

Do not include a starter more than 30 with continuously, the starter and cables otherwise overheat.

Petrol engine

Turn the ignition key and include a starter, without giving thus gas. As soon as the engine will earn, release a key. If during 5 about the engine it is not started, press a pedal of gas a little and again repeat start. If the engine is not started or at once stops, repeat start with half squeezed-out pedal of gas and if start with completely squeezed out pedal of gas is required still. At the hot engine a gas pedal during start slowly squeeze out. Surely at once begin movement, only at a hard frost let's to the engine get warm during 30 pages.



Unsuccessful attempts of start of the engine following one after another can harm to the catalytic converter since not burned down gasoline gets to it and when heating blows up.

Diesel engine

If the fuel tank was completely emptied, start process after filling lasts more long (to 1 mines) since air from fuel system thus is removed.

- On the warm engine preheat is not required. Start the engine at once, without giving some gas.

The engine is not turned in start attempts

Corrosion of plugs of the battery takes place or weakened fastening of tips of wires on them. Check a condition of plugs and tips. Tighten terminal clips, if necessary remove corrosion traces. The battery is discharged or faulty. If tips of wires are found pure and reliably fixed on battery plugs, turn the ignition key in the situation ON, then include headlights and/or windscreen cleaners. If this electric equipment does not function, the battery is discharged. Transmission it is inexact it is established in the situation "R". Conducting in a chain of system of start is torn off or weakened fastening of wires on plugs. Check a condition of wires, plugs and electric sockets of the battery, the traction relay of a starter and the ignition lock. The gear wheel of a starter is jammed in a gear wreath of a driving disk. Try to turn the engine for a crankshaft pulley. At the first possibility remove a starter and check a condition of a gear wheel and a gear wreath. The traction relay of a starter (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) is faulty. The starter (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) is faulty. The ignition lock is faulty.

The engine is turned, but not started

Start is incorrectly made (Address to the materials presented above). The engine immobilizator is faulty or is not disconnected. The safety lock is faulty:
Electric fuel pump; Electronic system of injection.
Concerning check of safety locks address to Head Onboard electric equipment. Empty fuel tank or poor-quality fuel is filled in. The air filter is strongly polluted. Leakages of vacuum in elements of supply of air, malfunction in a control system of injection of fuel and ignition take place. The battery (the engine is turned too slowly) is discharged. Check electric equipment functioning (address to the previous Section). Korrodirovana terminal connections of the battery or were weakened by their fastening (address to the previous Section). The fuel pump is faulty, fused its safety lock or the pump relay is damaged. Check aurally noise of operation of the pump at ignition inclusion (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). Components of system of ignition (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) are damaged or excessively humidified. Spark plugs are worn-out or faulty or the candle gap (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) is incorrectly exposed. Conducting of an electric contour of system of start is torn off or disconnected or weakened fastening of wires on plugs (address to the previous Section). Conducting of a contour of the coil of ignition is torn off or disconnected or weakened fastening of wires on coil plugs (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine). The control unit safety lock is damaged by the engine, is faulty any of sensors: A hall, the pulse sensor, the sensor of temperature of cooling liquid or soaked-up air (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine). Too low pressure of a compression. Replace sealing laying of a head of cylinders. If necessary repair the engine.

Diesel engine

Start is incorrectly made. The engine immobilizator is faulty. The safety lock is faulty:
Electric fuel pump; Preheat systems.
The engine is not heated-up: proverteispravnost of functioning of the device of preheat. On the electromagnetic locking valve there is no tension. Connect to the switch the voltmeter or a sampler on a light-emitting diode. Include ignition. The light-emitting diode should light up. Otherwise it is necessary to find break of electroconducting and to eliminate it. The electromagnetic locking valve is faulty. Check reliability of fastening of the electromagnetic switch, check contacts. Switch on and off ignition. In the switch click should be distributed. Damage to the line of supply of fuel or air to lines takes place:
Pipelines or hoses are mechanically damaged or littered. Clear fuel pipelines and remove air from lines and the filter. The fuel filter is littered. Replace filtering element. In the winter it is necessary to check the filter and pipelines on ice or wax existence. Put the car in heated garage, add in gasoline system. Ventilation of a tank or the mesh filter of a toplivozabornik is littered. Clean.
Adjustment of the beginning of supply of fuel is brought down. Check, make adjustment. Nozzles are faulty. Check. Unscrew consistently cap nuts - at an otvorachivaniye of a nut of the faulty cylinder turns of the engine will not fall. The fuel pump of a high pressure (TNVD) is faulty. Establish for check new, or obviously serviceable TNVD. Too low pressure of a compression. Replace sealing laying of a head of cylinders. If necessary repair the engine.

The starter functions without an engine provorachivaniye

The starter gear wheel is jammed. Remove a starter (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) and check its condition. Teeth of a gear wheel of a starter or flywheel wreath are worn-out or damaged.

Start of the cold engine is complicated

The battery is discharged or insufficiently charged. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Paraffin in the filter of thin cleaning of the diesel engine. Replace a filter element. Fill winter fuel, or dilute with nizkooktanovy gasoline. Glow plugs of the diesel engine are faulty

Start of the hot engine is complicated

The air filter (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) is blocked. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Fuel does not reach injectors of system of injection (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). The corner of an advancing of supply of fuel of the diesel engine got off. Low compression in cylinders, TNVD of the diesel engine is faulty or disadjusted.

Gearing of a starter occurs is too noisy or with difficulty

Teeth of a gear wheel of a starter or flywheel wreath are worn-out or damaged. Bolts of fastening of a starter are lost or weakened effort of their tightening.

The engine is started, but immediately глохнет

The engine immobilizator is faulty. Electroconducting is faulty or weakened fastening of wires on coil or generator plugs. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Base installations of the block of electronic control (ESM) are broken. Damage to release system / catalytic converter. Depression losses through prokladochny surfaces of the inlet pipeline or the block of injection of fuel take place. Make sure of reliability of an inhaling of fixing bolts/nuts, check the fact and quality of fastening on the unions on the inlet pipeline of all vacuum hoses. Check a condition of hoses and correctness of their connection (to the unions).

Stability of operation of the engine on single turns is broken

Leaks in an inlet air path take place. Make sure of reliability of an inhaling of fixing bolts/nuts, check the fact and quality of fastening on the unions on the inlet pipeline of all vacuum hoses. Hear to the working engine by means of a stethoscope or a piece of a fuel hose. Existence of a hissing sound will allow to reveal a source of "leakage" of vacuum. It is possible to use for check by solution of soap water not less effectively. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place.
Serviceability of activation of an injector and control of duration of injection is broken. Leaks through injectors/violation of a stream of dispersion of fuel at injection take place. It is faulty dokataliticheskiya a lambda probe 1. Low voltage of ignition.
The valve of system of operated ventilation of a case (Head the Engine) is blocked. It is jammed, or allows leaks the EGR valve. The air filter (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) is blocked. The fuel pump does not provide giving of enough of fuel to injectors of system of injection (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). Leaks through laying of a head of cylinders take place. Make measurement of kompressionny pressure in engine cylinders. Camshaft cams (Head the Engine) are worn-out.

Diesel engine

Quality of connections of fuel hoses on TNVD and the fuel filter is broken. Replace fuel hoses, fix them collars, tighten screws of angular connections. TNVD fastening is mechanically damaged or weakened. Check fastening. Are mixed by junctions of the returnable pipeline and the pipeline of supply of fuel. Connections put on the places. The screw of connection of the returnable pipeline has “OUT” marking. Damage to the line of supply of fuel takes place:
Pipelines or hoses are mechanically damaged or littered. Clear fuel pipelines. The fuel filter is littered. Replace filtering element. In the winter it is necessary to check the filter and pipelines on ice or wax existence. Put the car in heated garage, add in gasoline system. Ventilation of a tank or the mesh filter of a toplivozabornik is littered. Clean.
Adjustment of the beginning of supply of fuel is brought down. Check, make adjustment. Nozzles are faulty. Check. Unscrew consistently cap nuts - at an otvorachivaniye of a nut of the faulty cylinder turns of the engine will not fall. The fuel pump of a high pressure (TNVD) is faulty. Establish for check new, or obviously serviceable TNVD.

Ignition admissions take place at operation of the engine on single turns

Spark plugs are worn-out or polluted or the candle gap (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) is incorrectly exposed. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place.
Low voltage of ignition; the measuring instrument of weight of MAF air is faulty.
Wires of spark plugs (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) are faulty. Bad quality fuel is filled. The fuel filter is hammered. Depression losses in the inlet pipeline or through shlangovy connections take place. Insufficient, or unequal kompressionny pressure in cylinders. Make compression measurement (Head the Engine). Violations in work of a control system as the engine take place.

Ignition admissions take place at car movement on transfer

The fuel filter is blocked or power supply system pollution (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) takes place. Spark plugs are faulty or polluted or the candle gap (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) is incorrectly exposed. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Defect of candle wires (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases are faulty. There is not enough or neravnomernoraspredeleno between cylinders kompressionny pressure. Remove spark plugs and make measurement of kompressionny pressure (Head the Engine). The ignition system (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) is faulty. Depression losses on the throttle case, the inlet pipeline or through vacuum hoses take place.

Engine глохнет

Adjustment of turns of idling is broken. The fuel filter is blocked and/or moisture or dirt got to a power supply system (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). Refusal a component of a power supply system or sensors (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) takes place. Components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases are faulty. Spark plugs are faulty or polluted or the candle gap (Head the Current leaving and service) is incorrectly exposed. Also check a condition of candle wires (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine). Depression losses on the case of a throttle or through vacuum hoses take place.

The engine does not develop full capacity

Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place.
It is faulty dokataliticheskiya a lambda probe 1. The sensor of temperature of cooling liquid (ECT) is faulty. The measuring instrument of weight of air (MAF) is faulty. Serviceability of functioning of system of resonant management by pressure pulsations in the inlet pipeline is broken; serviceability of functioning of the monitoring system of a detonation is broken.
The air purifier is littered. Clear or replace. Spark plugs are faulty or the candle gap (Head the Current leaving and service) is incorrectly exposed. The ignition coil (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) is faulty. There does not correspond to requirements AT liquid level (Head the Current leaving and service and Automatic transmission). Coupling (Head Coupling, power shafts and differential) revolves. The fuel filter is blocked and/or dirt/moisture got to a power supply system (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). Fuel not that grade is filled. Fill in in a tank fuel with the demanded octane number. The adjusting valve of a turbokompressor is damaged. The activator of a cam-shaft of shift of phases GRM is faulty. Passableness of the three-functional catalytic converter is broken. Insufficient or non-uniform on cylinders kompressionny pressure. Make the compression measurement which analysis of results allows to reveal existence of leakages of valves and/or violation of tightness of laying of a head of cylinders (Head the Engine).

In addition for the diesel engine

The air purifier is littered. Clean or replace. Non-uniform supply of TNVD fuel on cylinders. Adjust on the heated-up engine. The moment of the beginning of supply of TNVD fuel is incorrectly established. Establish. The fuel filter or TNVD (nozzle) is littered. Wash out the preliminary filter, replace an element of the filter of thin cleaning, clean a spray or replace the pump (nozzle). Adjustment of the maximum frequency of rotation of a cranked shaft is broken.

There are cottons in system of an admission or shots in release system

Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Defect in a secondary contour of system of ignition (destruction of insulators of spark plugs or defects of candle wires) (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place. The system of injection of fuel or its components needs adjustment are excessively worn-out (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). Depression losses on the throttle case, the inlet pipeline or through vacuum hoses take place. Valves (Head the Engine) are jammed. The order of connection of candle wires (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) is broken.

At movement with acceleration or uphill there are detonation sounds

Bad quality fuel is filled. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Spark plugs not that type are established. Check candles and катушкина existence of damages (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine). Base installations of the block of electronic control are broken. The detonation sensor is faulty. Depression losses take place.

Kalilny ignition (the engine continues to work after ignition switching off) takes place

Idling turns (Head the Engine) are excessively high. Malfunction a power supply system or electric equipment component (Heads of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place. The valve of a purge of an adsorber of system of catching паров fuels (EVAP) is damaged. The working temperature of the engine is excessive. The possible reasons of this violation can be decrease in level of cooling liquid (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner), failure of the thermostat, blocking of a radiator or malfunction of the water pump (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner).

The diesel engine smokes

Black smoke:
The air purifier is polluted. Wash out and fill with fresh oil or replace an element. Inappropriate fuel is applied. Wash out a tank and replace fuel. The moment of the beginning of giving of TNVD is incorrectly established.
Dark blue smoke:
Oil burning in the combustion chamber owing to wear of piston rings, high level of oil in an air purifier, wear of epiploons in covers of a turbokompressor, formation of thinnesses in laying between a block case and a turbokompressor. Repair the engine, establish normal level of oil, replace epiploons, tighten bolts of fastening of a turbokompressor or replace laying. Fuel to one of nozzles does not move. Check on heating of final branch pipes of a collector. Bad dispersion of fuel by a nozzle because of malfunction of the valve or spray break. Grind in the valve or replace a nozzle.
White or brown smoke:
Low temperature in cooling system. Check the thermostat. Bad work of nozzles owing to wear or spray break. Replace a spray.

Engine electric equipment

The battery does not "hold" a charge

The driving belt of the generator is worn-out or damaged, or adjustment of its tension (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) is broken. Level of electrolit is insufficient or the battery (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) is strongly discharged. Corrosion of plugs of the battery takes place or weakened fastening of tips of wires on them (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine). The generator does not provide a demanded current of a charging (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine). Electroconducting of a charging contour is torn off or is in any other manner damaged or weakened fastening of wires on plugs (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine). Short circuit of electroconducting creates continuous leakage of a current developed by the battery on weight (address to the Head of System of electric equipment of the engine and Schematic diagrams of electric equipment). Internal defect of the battery takes place.

The control lamp of a charging does not die away at increase in turns

The driving belt is weakened. Check a natyazhitel of a maple belt. Damage of the obgonny coupling. Remove the generator and turn a power shaft of the generator to the left. If the working surface of a pulley does not rotate, damage, as a rule, in the obgonny coupling. Damage of a regulator of the tension/generator. Disconnect a wire (D +) from a reverse side of the generator and include ignition. If now the control lamp does not light up, malfunction, as a rule, in a regulator of tension or in the generator. Wear of brushes. Visually check brushes, if necessary replace. Wire damage between the generator and a tension regulator. Damage of the block of the dashboard.

The control lamp of a charging does not light up at ignition inclusion

Fused or otherwise the control lamp on the dashboard (Head Onboard electric equipment) failed. The generator (The head of System of electric equipment of the engine) is faulty. Defect of the printed-circuit board, conducting in the block of a control panel or the boss of a lamp (Head Onboard electric equipment) takes place.

The control lamp of a charging burns after ignition switching off

Diodes are punched. Check diodes, replace a diode payment.

Starter

Whether works a starter at full tension of the battery, it is possible to check as follows.

- Not including transfers, include ignition.
- Close starter plugs 30 and 50 a wire of section ^{at least 4 mm2}, address also to materials of the Head of System of electric equipment of the engine.

If the starter works faultlessly, the cause of defect should be looked for in wires to a starter. If the starter does not earn, it should be checked in the removed condition.

Check condition: In places of connection of a wire should be well fixed and should not be oxidized.

The starter does not rotate at turning on of the lock of ignition

The battery is discharged. Charge the battery. Close starter plugs 30 and 50: If the starter rotates - break of a wire 50 to the ignition lock takes place, the starter switch is faulty. Eliminate break, replace defective details. Break of a cable or the weight socket, the battery it is discharged. Check cables and battery sockets, measure tension of the battery, if necessary charge. Insufficient passing of a current owing to the weakened or oxidized sockets. Clear tips of wires and the battery plug, check connections between the battery, a starter and weight. There is no tension on the plug 50 traction relays. Wire break, the switch of a starter is faulty.

The starter rotates slowly and does not turn the crankshaft

Battery category. Charge the battery. Summer oil is filled in. Fill in all-weather oil. Insufficient passing of a current owing to the weakened or oxidized sockets. Clear poles and battery plugs, check connections between the battery, a starter and weight. Coal brushes do not adjoin to a collector, jam in directing, are worn-out, broken, greasy or polluted. Check brushes, clear or replace. Check the directing. Insufficient distance between brushes and a collector. Replace brushes and clear directing brushes. The collector in grooves or scorched and was made oily. Process a collector or replace an anchor. There is no tension on the plug 50 (minute 8 In). Check the switch of a starter or the traction relay. The bearing is broken. Check the bearing, if necessary replace. The traction relay is faulty. Replace the traction relay.

The starter seizes and rotates the engine breakthroughs

The gear wheel drive is faulty. Replace a gear wheel drive. The gear wheel is polluted. Clear a gear wheel. The gear wreath of a flywheel is faulty. Process a gear wreath if it is required, replace a flywheel.

The gear wheel of a starter does not depart from a wreath

The drive of a gear wheel or carving are polluted or damaged. Clear or replace a gear wheel drive. The traction relay is faulty. Replace the traction relay. The returnable spring weakened or became torn. Replace a returnable spring.

The starter continues to work after an ignition key otpuskaniye

The traction relay jammed, is not disconnected. At once switch off ignition, replace the traction relay. The ignition lock is not disconnected. At once disconnect the battery, replace the ignition lock.

System of electronic control

The cold engine does not enter into a warming up mode

The sensor of temperature of cooling ECT liquid is faulty. The measuring instrument of weight of MAF air is faulty. Leaks in an inlet air path take place.

The heated-up engine does not leave a warming up mode, or fuel consumption is increased

It is faulty dokataliticheskiya a lambda probe 1. The valve of management is jammed by an adsorber purge in open situation.

The engine pulls

The measuring instrument of weight of MAF air is faulty. Low voltage of ignition; it is faulty dokataliticheskiya a lambda probe 1.

The electronic control system of acceleration (EA) passed to emergency operation

The potentiometer of nominal rate in the sensor of provision of a pedal is faulty. The potentiometer of the actuation mechanism of electronic control by acceleration / темпостата / systems of stabilization of turns of idling (EA/CC/ISC) is faulty.

Power supply system

Fuel consumption is excessive

The element of the air filter (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) is polluted or blocked. Malfunction a component of a power supply system, electric equipment or electronic control (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases and System of electric equipment of the engine) takes place. Leaks in system of an admission of air. Damages of system of release / catalytic converter. Pressure in tires does not suffice or tires not are established that size.

Diesel engine

Contamination of the returnable pipeline. Blow air the returnable pipeline from TNVD to a fuel tank. Too high turns of idling and maximum turns. Adjust. The engine has mechanical damages. Check a compression, if necessary repair the engine.

Leakages of fuel take place and/or there is a gasoline smell

There are leaks in lines of supply of fuel or ventilating lines (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases). The fuel tank is overflowed. Filling make only before automatic shutdown of the gun. Leaks or evaporations from lines of a power supply system and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases (Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases) take place.

The engine is not started

At starter inclusion the electric fuel pump does not work (is not audible noise from work). Slightly knock on the pump case to release jammed detail. Check, whether tension is put to the pump. Check serviceability of a safety lock. Check electric contacts on good conductivity. The relay of the fuel pump is faulty. Check the relay. Food giving from ECM is broken; the system of authorization of the driver (DAS) is faulty. Zalipli valves of injectors. Check injectors, if necessary replace. Check tension giving on injectors. For this purpose расстыкуйте socket of injectors. Attach a diode control lamp to a wire and include a starter. The control lamp should blink. Low voltage of ignition. There is no signal from the sensor of ignition of the Hall or the sensor of temperature of cooling liquid. Check electric wires. Poll memory of malfunctions. Fuel pipelines are damaged, littered or are not tight, there are defects of hoses. The fuel filter is littered. The inlet system is not tight. Подсасывается additional air. Vacuum pipelines are damaged or are not tight. The pressure regulator is damaged. Check residual pressure. The sensor of provision of a butterfly valve is damaged. There is no food of the block of electronic control by the engine. Ice or wax existence in the filter or pipelines of the diesel engine. Ventilation of a fuel tank is hammered, the filter in a tank is littered. Preheat of the diesel engine does not work or is not up to the end made. The valve of an otsechka of fuel of the diesel engine is damaged. The moment of the beginning of supply of fuel is brought down. Nozzles of the diesel engine are damaged. Unscrew in turn cap nuts and check, whether the corresponding cylinder works. TNVD is faulty. The compression owing to excessive increase in pressure of oil is broken.

The cold engine is started badly, works unstably

Leaks in an inlet air path take place. Low voltage of ignition. The sensor of temperature of cooling ECT liquid is faulty. Check the sensor. The measuring instrument of weight of MAF air is faulty. Serviceability of activation of an injector and control of duration of injection is broken. The contents WITH does not correspond to requirements. Check the contents WITH and idling. Pressure of fuel does not correspond to demanded value. Check pressure of fuel.

The warm engine is started badly, works unstably

Leaks in an inlet air path take place. Check inlet system. For this purpose leave the engine to idle and cover places of consolidations and connection on an inlet path with gasoline. If the number of turns increases by short time, eliminate not tight places.

Pairs of gasoline are poisonous, do not inhale them.

Serviceability of activation of an injector and control of duration of injection is broken. The return valve of the fuel pump is damaged. Leaks in fuel system. Fuel elevated pressure in a power supply system. Malfunction of system of catching паров fuels. It is hammered or crumpled returnable топливопровод to a tank.

The engine works with interruptions

Electric connections to the fuel pump interrupt from time to time. Check a condition of shtekerny connections and sockets of electric wires of the fuel pump, a measuring instrument of a stream of air and the relay of the fuel pump. Check a safety lock and places of contacts on the relay of the fuel pump. Clear contacts, if necessary replace. Poor quality of fuel, formation of steam jams. Fill qualitative fuel. Too low volume of supply of fuel. Check productivity of the pump. The fuel filter is faulty. Replace the fuel filter. The fuel pump is faulty. Check the fuel pump. Injectors are faulty. Check injectors. It is faulty a lambda probe, violations in a chain of quality management of a mix or there is no heating a lambda probe. The sensor of provisions of a butterfly valve is faulty. Check the sensor of provisions of a butterfly valve. The final collector or reception pipe of system of release (there are leakages of exhaust gases) is damaged. Weakened fastening of fuel hoses to TNVD and the fuel filter of the diesel engine. At connection submitting and returnable TNVD pipelines are mixed by places.

The engine works with interruptions at transitional modes and an idling mode

The system of an admission of air is not tight. Check connections of inlet system. Start the engine and grease with gasoline of a place of contact and connection in a soaking-up path. If engine turns quickly increase, eliminate a leakage. Idling adjustment is incorrect. Check an idling regulator, the sensor of provisions of a butterfly valve, a lambda adjustment. The sensor of full loading is faulty or incorrectly adjusted. Check the butterfly valve sensor.

The hot engine is not started

Incorrect adjustment of the contents WITH. Check the contents WITH and idling. Too high pressure in fuel system. Check pressure of fuel, if necessary replace a pressure regulator. The returnable pipeline between a regulator of pressure and a fuel tank is littered or will bend. Clean or replace the pipeline. The sensor of temperature of the engine is faulty. Check the temperature sensor. The power supply system is not tight. Make visual survey of all connections in the field of the engine and the electric fuel pump. Tighten all connections. The system of an admission of air is not tight. Check all connections of inlet system.

The engine works after switching off

Injectors are not tight. Check injectors. The valve of an otsechka of fuel does not work at the diesel engine.

Greasing system

The control lamp does not burn after ignition inclusion

The sensor of pressure of oil is faulty. Include ignition, disconnect a wire from the sensor of pressure of oil and close on weight. If the lamp lights up, replace the sensor. On the sensor tension, contacts корродированы does not move. Check electric wires and contacts. The control lamp is faulty. Replace a control lamp. The control unit is faulty. Replace the control unit.

The control lamp does not die away after engine start

Oil перегрето. Fir-trees the control lamp dies away after supply of gas, to do it is required nothing.

The control lamp does not die away after supply of gas or lights up during movement

Pressure of oil the too low. Check oil level, if necessary add. Check pressure of oil. The wire to the sensor of pressure of oil has short circuit on weight. Disconnect a cable from the sensor and take aside (without closing on weight), include ignition. If the lamp lights up, check a wire. The sensor of pressure of oil is faulty. Replace the sensor.

Too low pressure of oil on all turns

In the engine there is not enough oil. Add oil. The mesh filter is littered. Remove the case pallet, clear the mesh filter. The oil pump is worn-out. Remove the oil pump and check it, if necessary replace. Damages of bearings. Remove the engine.

Too low pressure of oil on small turns

The Reduktsionny valve залип abroach because of pollution. Remove and check the valve.

Too high pressure of oil at number of turns is higher than 2000 rpm

The Reduktsionny valve does not open because of pollution. Remove and check the valve.

Cooling system

Overheat

Insufficiently cooling liquid in system (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). The driving belt of the water pump is worn-out or damaged or adjustment of its tension (Head the Current leaving and service and the Engine) is broken. Internal channels of a radiator are blocked or is polluted the reshyotka of a radiator (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) (is blocked). The thermostat (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) is faulty. Fan blades (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) are broken or burst. The fan sensor switch is faulty. Check: at short circuit of red and yellow and red-white wires of the sensor the fan should earn on a half of speed. The index of temperature of cooling liquid is faulty. Check the sensor. The pump of cooling liquid is faulty. Remove and check the pump. Does not hold pressure a radiator cover. Make cover check under pressure.

Overcooling

The thermostat (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) is faulty. Indications of a measuring instrument of temperature are inexact.

External leakages of liquid

Hoses are damaged or destroyed as a result of material aging or weakened fastening them on unions. Replace hoses and/or tighten collars of their fastening (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). Epiploons of the water pump are spoiled. In this case liquid will exude through a control opening in the pump case (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). Leaks from internal channels of a radiator or the lateral tank (ов) take place. Radiator repair is required. Leaks through a drain stopper of the engine (Head the Engine) or vyzhimny jams of water galleries (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) take place.

Internal leakages of liquid

Leaks through laying of a head of cylinders take place. Make check of system of cooling by pressure. There are cracks on a mirror of cylinders or in head molding. For check disassemble the engine (Head the Engine).

There are liquid losses

In system too much liquid (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) is filled. Liquid boils away as a result of an engine overheat. Internal or external leakages of liquid take place. The radiator cover is faulty. Check a cover pressure.

Liquid circulation is broken

The water pump does not function properly. It is simplest to make sure of pump functioning, having pressed the top hose of a radiator at the engine working at single turns. If at an otpuskaniye of a hose the liquid push in it is felt, the pump functions regularly (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). Passableness of system of cooling is broken. Merge liquid, wash out system and fill it with a fresh mix (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner). If there is such need, remove a radiator (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) and carry out its obratnopotochny washing. The driving belt of the water pump is worn-out or damaged or adjustment of its tension (Head the Current leaving and service and the Engine) is broken. The thermostat (The head of System of cooling, heating and the air conditioner) is jammed.

Heater

The fan of a heater does not work

The safety lock of the motor of the fan is faulty. Check a fan safety lock, if necessary replace. The fan switch is faulty. Check, whether tension is put to preresistors, remove and check the fan switch. The electromotor is faulty. Check, whether tension is put to contacts of the motor of the fan at the included ignition and the closed switch of the fan. If tension is put, replace the motor.

The fan of a heater does not work at one of steps

The preresistor is faulty. Replace a connection payment.

The heater is not switched off by a regulator

The switch is faulty. Check the switch. Cables of an adjusting mixing zaslonka are damaged or badly mobile. Replace cables.

Too low capacity of heating

Too low level of cooling liquid. Check level of cooling liquid, if necessary add. The control unit of a heater has a heavy course, is faulty. Check the heater control unit, if necessary replace a cable.

Noise in the field of the heater fan

Dirt, leaves got. Remove the fan and clean it, clear the air channel. Disbalance of a krylchatka, malfunction of the bearing. Remove the fan motor, check ease of a course.

Automatic transmission (AT)

The common problems connected with functioning of the mechanism of switching

It is possible to carry the following to number of the refusals connected with violation of adjustment of draft of switching:
Start of the engine is possible at provisions of transmission, distinct from "R" (Parking) and “N” (Neutral). Indications of the indicator of provision of transmission differ from really chosen transfer. The car moves at the transmission established in the situation "R" or "N". Transfers are switched hardly or any way.

Make adjustment of draft of gear shifting (Head Automatic transmission).

Transmission revolves, is switched hardly, publishes extraneous noise or does not provide car movement at installation on one of lobbies or a reverse gear

There is a set of the possible reasons of the problems listed in heading, however under competence of the amateur mechanic one of them - the wrong level of transmission liquid gets only. Before driving away the car in a workshop of car-care center check level and a condition of transmission liquid (Head the Current leaving and service). Modify level according to requirements of Specifications or replace liquid together with the filter. If the situation was not corrected, address for the help to experts.

Leakages of transmission liquid take place

AT liquid has dark red color. Traces of its leaks should not be confused to traces of impellent oil which can be demolished on a case of transmission by a running stream of air. For identification and localization of a source of leak first of all remove from a transmission boat all traces of dirt and greasing. Use a suitable obezzhirivatel and/or make steam cleaning. Then make on the car a short trip on small speed (that traces of leak did not communicate a running stream far from its source). Stop, поддомкратьте the car and by visual survey establish a leak source. More often as those act:
Pallet of a case of transmission: Tighten fixing bolts and/or replace pallet laying. Tube of the gulf of liquid: Replace rubber consolidation in a place of an entrance of a tube in a transmission case. Lines of transmission liquid: Tighten shtutserny connections or replace lines. Ventilating tube: Transmission is overflowed and/or water got to it.

Oil has brown color or smells as ashes

Low level of liquid in a box (address to Head the Current leaving and service).

The Kickdown mode does not join by full pressing a pedal (the low gear does not join)

Low level of liquid in a box (address to the Section Check of level of oil of automatic transmission of Head the Current leaving and service). Malfunction in a control system of the engine (address to the Head of System of electric equipment of the engine). Malfunction of the sensor or its conducting (address to Head Automatic transmission). Adjustment of a cable of the selector (address to Head Automatic transmission) is broken.

The engine is not started at any position of the selector or started in any situation except R and R

Adjustment of the sensor of permission of start (address to Head Automatic transmission) is broken. Malfunction in a control system of the engine (address to the Head of System of electric equipment of the engine). Adjustment of a cable of the selector (address to Head Automatic transmission) is broken.

Transmission revolves, breakthroughs or noise at gear shifting. The car does not move at inclusion of modes D or R

Low level of liquid in transmission (address to the Section Check of level of oil of automatic transmission of Head the Current leaving and service). Malfunction of the sensor or its conducting (address to Head Automatic transmission). Malfunction in a control system of the engine (address to the Head of System of electric equipment of the engine).

Bridges

Extraneous noise

Usual road noise. To adjustment do not give in. Noise of tires. Check a condition of protectors and pressure of a rating of tires. Bearings of wheels are worn-out or damaged, or weakened effort of their tightening.

Vibrations

1 Check a condition of bearings of wheels, serially poddomkrachivy corresponding from corners of the car and rotating a wheel manually. Listen thus to sounds starting with the bearing. Remove bearings and check their condition.

Leakages of oil

Epiploons of power shafts (Head Coupling, power shafts and differential) are damaged.

Brake system

The increased course of a pedal of a brake

The brake contour failed. Check, whether brake liquid follows.

The pedal of a brake springs and fails

Air in brake system. Remove air from system. There is not enough liquid in the tank. Add new brake liquid, remove from system air. Formation of vials of steam. It is shown, mainly, at big load of brakes. Replace brake liquid, remove air from system.

Decrease in effect of braking, pedal fails

Pipeline leakage. Tighten connections of the pipeline or replace tubes. Damage of cuffs to the main thing or working brake cylinders. Replace a cuff. In the main brake cylinder replace internal elements, if necessary replace the main cylinder. Rubber laying is damaged. Repair a support.

Bad braking, despite big effort of pressing of a pedal

Brake slips are greasy. Replace brake shoes. The improper or hardened blocks are established. Replace blocks. Address to the section «Acquisition of spare parts». The brake amplifier is faulty. Check the brake amplifier. Brake shoes are worn-out. Replace brake shoes.

When braking the car withdraws aside

Pressure in tires does not correspond to the demanded. Check and modify pressure in tires. Non-uniform wear of tires. Replace worn-out tires. Brake shoes are greasy. Replace blocks. On one axis different brake shoes are established. Replace blocks. Address to the section «Acquisition of spare parts». Bad condition of brake shoes. Replace blocks. Mines of supports are polluted. Clear directing and landing surfaces of blocks in a support. Corrosion of cylinders of brake supports. Replace a support. Non-uniform wear of a brake shoe. Replace brake shoes (on both wheels).

Spontaneous braking

The compensatory opening in the main brake cylinder is littered. Clean the main cylinder and replace internal elements. Too small gap between a driving rod and the piston of the main brake cylinder. Check a gap.

Brakes heat up during movement

The compensatory opening in the main brake cylinder is littered. Clear the main cylinder and replace internal elements. Too small gap between a driving rod and the piston of the main brake cylinder. Check a gap. The drosseliruyushchy opening in the special valve on the bottom is littered. Clear the main brake cylinder, replace internal elements and brake liquid.

Brakes shiver

Blocks of inadequate type are established. Replace blocks. Address to the section Acquisition of spare parts. Brake disk in places корродирован. Carefully grind a brake disk. The brake disk has lateral palpation. A disk process or replace.

Brake shoes do not depart from a brake disk, the wheel is hardly turned by hand

Corrosion in cylinders of brake supports. Repair a support, probably replace.

Non-uniform wear of blocks

Blocks of inappropriate type are established. Replace blocks. Address to the section Acquisition of spare parts. The support is polluted. Clear support mine. Heavy piston stroke. Eliminate. The brake system is not tight. Check tightness of brake system.

Wedge-shaped wear of brake shoes

The brake disk rotates not parallel to a support. Check surfaces of a prileganiye of a support. Corrosion in supports. Eliminate pollution. The piston works incorrectly. Check position of the piston.

Scratch of brakes

Often reason in atmospheric influence (humidity of air). If the scratch appears after long parking at the increased humidity and then vanishes, anything it is not necessary to do. Blocks of inappropriate type are established. Replace blocks, cover basis plates with protivoskripny paste. Address to the section Acquisition of spare parts. The brake disk rotates not parallel to a support. Check surfaces of a prileganiye of a brake support. The support mine is polluted. Clear support mine. Pognuta of a spring of fastening of blocks. Replace fastening springs. Press springs are stretched. Replace press springs.

Pulsation of a pedal of a brake

ABS in operation. Normally, the help is not required. Too big lateral palpation or the admission on thickness of a brake disk. Check palpation and thickness. Process or replace a disk. The brake disk rotates not parallel to a support. Check a surface of a prileganiye of a support.

The control lamp of ABS lights up during movement

Too low voltage of a food (below 10 In). Check tension. Check, whether the control lamp of the generator after engine start dies away. If everything is all right, check maple a belt of a drive of the generator. ABS damage. Check reliability of contact and existence of corrosion of accession of weight at the returnable pump (in the hydraulic block).

Suspension bracket and steering

The car withdraws at movement in one of the parties

Tires are pumped non-uniformly up. Defect of tires takes place. Suspension bracket or steering components (Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are excessively worn-out. Carrying out adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is required. Forward brake mechanisms (Head Brake system) are taken.

Breakthroughs, dyorganye or vibrations take place

Balancing of wheels is broken or there was an ovality of disks. Make balancing in a shinomontazhny workshop. Bearings of wheels are worn-out, weakened effort of their tightening or adjustment (Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) is broken. Racks shock-absorbers or other components of a suspension bracket (Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are worn-out or damaged.

Excessive rocking of the car or "zaryvaniye" his nose on turns takes place or when braking

Shock-absorbers of racks of a suspension bracket are faulty. Replace racks entirely (Head the Suspension bracket and a steering). Suspension bracket components are damaged. Make condition check a component (Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).

Too hardly the steering wheel rotates

Excessively liquid level fell in the tank of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel (Head the Current leaving and service). Tires are pumped incorrectly up. Hinges of a steering drive (Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are insufficiently greased. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is broken. The hydraulic booster does not develop the demanded capacity.

Takes place excessive люфт a steering

Weakened effort of a tightening of bearings of forward wheels (Head the Suspension bracket and a steering). Suspension bracket or steering components (Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are excessively worn-out.

The system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel does not develop due effort

The driving belt of the pump of the hydraulic booster is worn-out or damaged or adjustment of his tension (Head the Current leaving and service) is broken. Excessively liquid level (Head the Current leaving and service) fell. Passableness of hoses or lines of hydraulic system is broken. Check, in case of need make replacements. Air got to hydraulic system. Pump over system (Head the Current leaving and service).

Excessive wear of protectors (not in one any area) takes place

Tires are pumped incorrectly up. Balancing of wheels is broken. Address in a shinomontazhny workshop. Disks of wheels are damaged. Check, in case of need make replacement. Suspension bracket or steering components (Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are excessively worn-out.

Excessive wear of protectors on external edge takes place

Tires are pumped incorrectly up. Turns are too sharply made. Reduce speed. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels (excessive convergence) is broken. Address in a workshop for carrying out professional adjustment. Will bend or is braided the suspension bracket lever (Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).

Excessive wear of protectors on internal edge takes place

Tires are pumped incorrectly up. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels (divergence) is broken. Make adjustment in a car-care center workshop. Components of a steering are damaged or weakened their fastening (Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).

Local wear of a protector takes place

Balancing of wheels is broken. Are damaged or погнуты disks. Check, in case of need make replacement. Defect of tires takes place.

Defects of brushes of a screen wiper

Proskalzyvaniye

Elastic bands are polluted. Clear elastic bands a rigid nylon brush and solution of detergent or alcohol. Shabby edges of brushes, elastic bands are worn-out or broken off. Replace elastic bands. The old elastic bands, the cracked surfaces. Replace elastic bands.

In the field of cleaning the water remains gather at once to drops

The windscreen is polluted by varnish polish or oil. Clear a windscreen a pure rag with an udalitel of greasing, oil, силиконов.

The brush clears unilaterally - in one party well, in another is not present

The elastic band is deformed in one party “does not overturn any more”. Establish a new elastic band. The lever of a screen wiper is braided, the brush not precisely adjoins to glass. Carefully turn the lever, vertical situation will not be reached yet.

Crude surfaces

The elastic band escaped from a frame. Carefully insert an elastic band into a frame. The brush adjoins to glass non-uniformly as spring levels or plates are bent. Replace a brush. This malfunction, first of all appears at negligent installation of a spare brush. Force of pressing by the lever is too small. Slightly grease hinges of levers of a screen wiper and a spring or establish the new lever.

Defects of tires

Strong wear of the tire on both parties of a working surface

Too low pressure in tires.

Strong wear of the tire in the middle of a working surface, on all circle

Too high pressure in tires.

Non-uniform wear of a protector

Static and dynamic disbalance of a wheel. Too big lateral palpation of a disk, too big люфт in bearing hinges is possible.

Non-uniform wear in the middle of a protector

Static disbalance of a wheel. The consequence of strong vertical palpation is possible.

Strong wear of separate places in the middle of a working surface

Blocking traces at complete braking.

Sawtooth wear of a protector. Often together with a rupture of a fabric basis which is not visible outside

Car overload. Check an internal part of the tire on ruptures of a basis.

Rubber uvulas at lateral edges of a protector

Wrong adjustment of corners of installation of wheels. The tire is worn-out. Check also a condition of racks shock-absorbers.

Formation of agnails on one party of a protector of a forward wheel

Wrong adjustment of a convergence. The tire is worn-out. Frequent movement on wavy surfaces. Fast movement on turns.

Ruptures of a cord. At first are visible only from within

Moving through sharp stones, blows of tires, etc. on high speed.

Unilaterally worn-out working surface

Check disorder adjustment. ABS damage. Check reliability of contact of connection with the case at the returnable pump (in the hydraulics block).